Wednesday, January 12, 2011

Sculpture of the Day: Princess Gouramma of Coorg, 1855

Princess Gouramma of Coorg
Marocheti, 1852-55
Marble painted with watercolor
The Royal Collection
In 1852, as a display of goodwill and affection for the empire in India, Queen Victoria welcomed the daughter of the deposed Rajah of Coorg. Coorg was considered the ‘Scotland of India,’ and Victoria wanted to ensure good relations there. Princess Gouramma was presented to the Queen and Prince Albert at Buckingham Palace on June 30, 1852 where she was promptly baptized with Victoria and Albert as her godparents.


Following that bit of fun, Victoria commissioned Carlo, Baron Marocheti, to create a marble bust of the girl as she looked when presented with her crucifix. To heighten the sense of realism, the Queen had the bust painted in watercolor over the marble. The painting was completed by W.H. Millais.








Unusual Artifacts: A Commemorative Veilleuse, 1827

Veilleuse
French, 1827
The Royal Collection
This porcelain veilleuse—an object used for warming tea by means of an oil burner in the base—was created in France in 1827. The ornately-gilt teapot features an “animal head” spout or “spewer.” The base of the veilleuse is made to look like a crenellated tower upon which a curious scene has been painted. The scene depicts, of all things, a giraffe.


However, it’s not as strange as it first sounds. In 1824, France’s King Charles X was given the gift of a giraffe by the Pasha of Egypt. The giraffe’s arduous journey across continents was a cause for celebration, and its arrival in Paris resulted in a fleeting trend of giraffe-themed clothing, jewelry objects and, even, hair styles.

Queen Mary (Mary of Teck) purchased this veilleuse. In 1930, she gave it to the Royal Collection at Windsor Castle.

Building of the Week: Windsor Castle

Originally built just after William the Conqueror’s Norman invasion in 1066, Windsor Castle has served as one of the principal residences of the Royal Family since King Henry I. Though originally constructed as a castle—essentially a protective structure with battlements—the castle is now considered a palace, and is thought to be the longest-occupied palace in Europe.


Today, the castle is a mixture of architectural styles ranging from the medieval to the very modern. For nearly one thousand years, the castle has undergone almost-continual reworking, sometimes for aesthetic reasons, sometimes for practical reasons, and sadly, because of great tragedy.

The castle’s main structure is comprised of three bailey wards (a “bailey” being a courtyard enclosed by a curtain wall) and a central keep (a tower). The castle walls, however, house a variety of structures, and, in fact, a small village originally meant for the people who worked in the castle.

To recount the last nine hundred years of the castle’s history would make for a rather ponderous blog. Discussing the rooms alone—including the famed St. George’s Chapel and lavish State apartments—would take innumerable words.

So, we’ll try to hit the highlights.

As is the case of any structure that’s survived that long, the castle has developed over time, changing as needed. Since the time of its initial construction on thirteen acres, additions and changes to the façade of the castle have been carried out in mostly a medieval style in keeping with the original purpose of the site.

William the Conquerer didn’t use the castle as a residence. Henry I was the first to live there, and, in fact, was married there. His son, Henry II, began the first building project at the castle since 1067. These changes were largely made to keep the castle from tumbling down. Massive foundations were built and the keep was reinforced. During King John’s reign, the residential quarters were improved, and, then, the entire castle was repaired after a series of sieges left it weakened. Henry III added three towers to the structure.

Edward III ordered that the central palace be rebuilt, adding new windows and making the overall structure, decidedly more unified in a Gothic style. Then, as is often the case with castles, it went through a couple of centuries of being seiged, released, attacked and otherwise battered. It became the place of many births, deaths, weddings and burials.

Henry VII was a sporty, fun kind of fellow, and added a tennis court and other amenities which would make his favored palace more comfortable. He also had the gates widened so that more of his friends could enter at once. Edward VI didn’t find the castle at all comfortable, notably stating, "Methink I am in a prison, here are no galleries, nor no gardens to walk in.” Edward attempted to make the castle more attractive by bringing in parts of English abbeys to be used for additional decoration.

Conversely, Elizabeth I very much enjoyed life at Windsor and took steps to reinforce the structure. By the time of James I and Charles I, the castle became more of a hunting lodge and a place to display art than it was a fortress.

In 1660, with the Restoration of the Monarchy, the castle (and all of the Royal residences) was substantially repaired following a long period of upheaval and revolution. Charles II had the castle fully “modernized,” added buildings and, most importantly, commissioned the regal Baroque interiors which are considered the finest of their kind in Britain. For the next century, until George III’s reign, the castle saw the completion of very few construction projects.

George III worked with architect James Wyatt to completely remodel the building—changing the style of the front façade to a more dramatic Gothic design in 1760. The Royal apartments were remodeled and refurnished at a cost of £150,000 (about £100 million today). George IV also expanded the palace.

Queen Victoria made Windsor Castle her primary residence. Prince Albert died there, leaving Victoria dubbed as “The Widow of Windsor.” Victoria made several changes in décor and added a private chapel. During her time at Windsor Castle, water was successfully piped into the structure for the first time. Her son, Edward VII, set about a massive redecoration of the palace, personally moving art around himself.

By the 1950’s Queen Elizabeth II made Windsor Castle her permanent weekend home and made sure that the castle was technologically up-to-date. Elizabeth II has long declared Windsor Castle to be her favorite home. In 1992, a terrible fire spread through Windsor Castle when spotlights used during renovation of the private chapel set off a blaze. Nine of the State rooms were completely destroyed, the Great Hall was gutted and one hundred other rooms were very badly damaged.

To pay for repairs to the castle, Queen Elizabeth II opened part of Buckingham Palace to tourists. Though not without controversy, the damaged parts of the castle were rebuilt. Some areas such as the Crimson Room were designed to approximate their Baroque style. Other areas, such as the Great Hall, were rebuilt in a more modern style which complimented the original architecture. My thought is that the castle has seen changes over the many centuries of its existence, so it’s not shocking that, in this phase of rebuilding, a style which reflects the current time period isn’t terribly shocking. I applaud the desire to recreate spaces as they were, but I can understand the wish to modernize in this particular instance. Luckily, most of the art and precious antique items of value had been removed because the castle was already being renovated at the time of the fire. So, the loss of artifacts was not as great as it could have been.

Today, the castle is fully repaired and expertly maintained. It is open to the public who can tour the historic structure and view its impressive collection of antiques and art.





Punch's Cousin, Chapter 142

Corliss and Edward Cage stood at the entrance to the ballroom to receive their guests. Many false smiles traded faces on that New Year’s Eve, and a good many hands were shaken by people who held little more than weak contempt for one another.


“Who’s this, then?” Edward bellowed at Robert and Mr. Punch as they entered. “Brilliant costumes! Wait don’t tell me. Corliss, what do you think?”

Corliss shrugged meekly, “I couldn’t say.”

Edward rubbed his hands together. “That chin. I know.”

“Do you?” Robert asked.

“Dr. Halfiax,” Edward Cage smiled broadly—giving him the appearance of having eaten something which disagreed with him. “Corliss, you, of course, remember Dr. Halifax. He’s Cecil’s brother.”

“Yes, of course.” Corliss Cage nodded politely.

“And, he’s brought his wild man with him. You’re the fellow I met that night in my fields, yes?”

Mr. Punch nodded, feeling his mask rub against his Julian’s cheekbones. He bristled. Speaking in Julian’s voice, Mr. Punch said. “I am. However, while my title may mean very little to the people in this country, I should be addressed as…” He paused and glanced quickly at Robert who immediately realized the thought that had occurred to Mr. Punch. Robert blushed for not having thought of it, too.

“I shall be addressed as ‘Your Grace,’ and referred to as ‘His Grace.’ I am the Duke of Fallbridge.” Punch continued, still affecting Julian’s voice.

“Certainly, Your Grace.” Mr. Cage bowed dramatically. “Do enjoy your evening.”

“Thank you for your hospitality, Mr. Cage,” Robert nodded.

“Are your brother and his wife on their way?” Corliss asked in her crackling, dry voice.

“Yes, they are.” Robert nodded. “They were delayed, but are on their way presently.” Of course, this wasn’t true, Cecil and Adrienne were waiting in the carriage behind the museum, but Edward Cage needn’t have known that.

“I should hope so,” Edward smiled—this time, an almost sincere smile, “After all, tonight is his triumph as well. He’s done a fine job with the new figures. Very fine, indeed. I’d reckon I’m quite fortunate to have such a talented sculptor in my stable. Even if he is a bit headstrong and sticks his nose where it doesn’t belong.”

Robert adjusted his mask so as not to lash out against Edward’s disparaging comments about Cecil. “My brother is most exceptionally talented. “ Robert said. “And, you are most certainly fortunate. Good evening.”

“Good evening, Dr. Halifax,” Edward nodded with a slight tint of mocking in his voice. “And, to you, Your Grace.” He bowed exaggeratedly again.

Corliss absent-mindedly curtsied.

Robert led Mr. Punch to a corner of the already crowded ballroom.

“Dear Punch, and dear Julian, I am so sorry that it didn’t occur to me that—since your mother’s passing—you’ve inherited her title.”

“Only just happened half an hour ago.” Mr. Punch sighed. “Only realized it me-self just now. But, that’s the way it works, isn’t it? Now that the Duchess of Fallbridge is dead, me master is the Duke of Fallbridge.”

“Yes,” Robert nodded, placing a reassuring hand on Julian’s shoulder. “Yes, Mr. Punch. Julian’s title is inherited. Now, he is the Duke and should, respectfully, be addressed as ‘Your Grace.’”

“Ain’t no sense in ever callin’ me that. You can use it on Julian only I ain’t a man what’s deservin’ of a title. I’ll wager that me master’d trade that title forever were it to bring his mum back to life—awful and cruel as she was. She didn’t deserve to die in so painful a way. No one does, and I…” Mr. Punch gasped for air. “I done it.”

“Iolanthe murdered Her Grace,” Robert shook his head. “You had nothing to do with it.”

“I might as well have killed her me-self. Leavin’ her there in that terrible house…”

“Mr. Punch,” Robert began softly. “You can’t continue to think that. It’s simply not true. You said yourself that the Duchess didn’t want to be saved and that you couldn’t save someone who didn’t want it. Even if you had carried her off and brought her home with you, she’d have gone back. I don’t mean to sound like Naasir, but what happened was what was meant to happen.”

“I don’t know,” Mr. Punch grunted, scratching Julian’s ear. “It just seems to me that someone ought to pay for it.”

“And she shall,” Robert smiled. “That’s why we’re here. We’ll bring Iolanthe to justice—finally. Now, let’s see if she’s here, shall we?”

“I meant me-self.” Mr. Punch mumbled faintly—so low that Robert couldn’t hear him over the buzz in the ballroom as people milled about, drinking and looking at the exhibits which lined the walls.

“Do you see anyone in violet feathers?” Robert asked.

“No.” Mr. Punch answered, searching the room for any woman who could have been Iolanthe Evangeline beneath her costume. “Here,” Mr. Punch began, “this is a masquerade, yes?”

“Yes,” Robert chuckled. “I should hope so. I don’t think I’d have worn this mask and wig otherwise.”

“Well, then, why weren’t the Cages in fancy dress?”

“Cecil mentioned something to me about his employer never wearing fancy dress at these events. He always wears his evening clothes. While he doesn’t mind the rest of us looking foolish, I suppose he thinks he’s above it himself.”

“I don’t think we look foolish.” Mr. Punch frowned. “I think we look right sweet, we do. Reminds me of bein’ a puppet.”

“Well, of course, you and I are the exception.” Robert winked. “We always look dashing, no matter what we’re wearing.”

For the first time that evening, Mr. Punch smiled.

“There it is.” Robert nodded.

Mr. Punch shrugged. “Couldn’t help me-self. The idea! Why, I never though anyone’d think I was handsome. But, I keep forgettin’ that I don’t look like Mr. Punch no more. I got Julian’s face, and he’s a fine enough lookin’ fella, even if he is a bit pale.”

“I wouldn’t wish to change either of you.” Robert said softly.

A man in a plain white mask which covered his entire face bumped into Robert.

“Pardon me,” the man coughed as he hurried off.

“Huh.” Mr. Punch grunted.

“I see some people have started their celebration earlier than others,” Robert sighed.

Mr. Punch squinted behind his mask.

“What is it, Punch?” Robert asked.

“Nothin’,” Punch shook Julian’s head. “Only that fella…did you smell him?”

“I can’t say that I did.” Robert smiled, “And, by your expression, I count myself lucky that I didn’t.”

“He smelled familiar, that one. Like lemons and honey over spirits.”

“I’m sure that describes most of the people here.” Robert chuckled. He craned his neck. “I see no sign of Iolanthe. Unless she’s been very clever with her costume, I don’t think she’s here.”

“Let’s go to the window, then.” Mr. Punch nodded.

Robert and Mr. Punch walked to the rear wall of the ballroom which featured three grand archways of startling height. On the massive sill of the central arch, a candelabra flickered brightly. As was their signal, Robert moved the candelabra from the center of the sill to the right. Cecil had agreed that that was how Robert would let him know if Iolanthe had not arrived.

“When we see her, we move it to the left? Is that it?” Mr. Punch asked.

“Yes,” Robert nodded.

“And, they can see it from where they are?”

“Look,” Robert motioned with his chin. “The carriage just beyond the fountain. That’s they.”

“What do we do now?” Mr. Punch asked.

“We attempt to look as if we want to be here, and we try to remain inconspicuous.”

Meanwhile, in one of the museum’s exhibit wings, Arthur rushed to meet Ulrika. He sweated beneath his stiff white mask. He spotted Ulrika amongst a Biblical scene. She was standing next to a figure of Mary Magdalene.

“He’s here.” Arthur panted. “With the doctor.”

“Well done, Arthur,” Ulrika grinned. “Now, off to work with you.”

“Now?” Arthur asked.

“Yes.” Ulrika spat. “Won’t it be tragic, really, when Lord Fallbridge, pardon me—the Duke of Fallbridge, commits suicide right here at the masquerade ball? That ought to make an interesting start to 1853. And, certainly, a most profitable one for us.”

Did you miss Chapters 1-141?  If so, you can read them here.

Goal for the Day: Get a Tune-up

As we try to carry out our New Year’s resolutions, many of us have vowed to live a healthier lifestyle in 2011. To that end, it’s always a good idea to have professional help. This is the perfect time of year to make those appointments that you dread making.


Call your eye doctor for a check-up, schedule an appointment with your dentist, make time to visit your family doctor for a physical. These are the people who will put you on the path to a healthy year. As much as we don’t like seeing them, it’s worth the trouble.

Object of the Day: An Antique Landscape Painting

Purchased a few years ago at an antique store in a small South Texas town, this painting, curiously, show two signatures. The first is a finely penned “Gen. Morton,” the second is a hard to decipher name, written in child-like letters which seems to read, “M. Roco.” It’s difficult to imagine that two people worked on this painting. Similarly, it shows no signs of having been over-painted or repainted and is in relatively the same condition as it was the day it was completed.


Dating to the late Nineteenth Century, this painting shows evidence of the Aesthetic movement with its reliance on natural themes; simplified fluid forms; Asian influence and bold use of greens and blues against a more neutral background. Here, we see nature reduced to its most graceful planes and lines. Painted with a delicate hand, the work almost appears—at first glance—to be watercolor. However, closer inspection reveals that it is thinly diluted oil paint on board. The painting’s long shape also is a hallmark of the Aesthetic movement—a period during which the shapes and sizes of paintings varied greatly in order to best represent the subject.

Tuesday, January 11, 2011

Film of the Week: Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day, 2008

Winifred Watson’s novel, Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day, caused quite a sensation when it was published in 1938. Her heroine, Delysia LaFosse, was not the usual lady protagonist. She was a headstrong girl with many passions and many lovers. What was scandalous then, is nothing new to us now. However, Focus Features’ 2008 film version of the novel, manages to make Delysia and her new secretary, Miss Pettigrew, seem as fresh and exciting as they day they were first created.

The story centers around two women. Delysia LaFosse is a singer/actress who is looking for her big break. In the meantime, she doesn’t mind being a “kept woman” in order to have a nice roof over her head—even if it means breaking the heart of her one true love, Michael. Guinevere Pettigrew is in a similarly dysfunctional predicament. She can’t seem to hold on to any of her nanny jobs—even being fired for her wild hair. Having reached middle age, Miss Pettigrew is also in need of her big break, or, at the very least, a meal—something she hasn’t had in days.

Miss Pettigrew bends the truth a little and manages to secure a job as Delysia’s secretary. Both women learn from one another over the span of their one day together--each of them realizing that for all their differences, they’re very much the same.

The film stars Frances McDormand as Miss Pettigrew and Amy Adams as Delysia, along with Lee Pace as Michael. Shot in and around London, the film makes excellent use of the city—heightened by brilliant 1930’s-era costumes and sets. It’s a visually beautiful film with interesting characters that are expertly portrayed.